• Rao Sun, Jin Hui Tian, Lun Li, Hong Liang Tian, Wen Qin Jia, Ke Hu Yang, and Nong Cao.
• Evidence Based Medicine Centre, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
• J Evid Based Med. 2012 Nov 1;5(4):209-15.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of ephedrine on intubation conditions (ICs) one minute after anesthesia induction using propofol and rocuronium.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Knowledge, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Google Scholar, and other databases were searched from inception to September 2012 to collect relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies by the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool and analyzed the data using RevMan 5.1. As the outcomes, excellent ICs, clinically acceptable ICs and side effects were evaluated with risk ratios (RRs).ResultsFive RCTs involving 396 patients were identified. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that ephedrine increased the rate of excellent ICs (RR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.89 to 3.05), but had no effects on the rate of clinically acceptable ICs (RR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.42) and the incidence of side effects (RR = 2.00, 95% CI 0.19 to 21.36). Besides, the results of subgroup analysis showed that both low dose and high dose of ephedrine increased the rate of excellent ICs, but only low dose increased the rate of clinically acceptable ICs. The results of sensitive analysis showed that both favored ephedrine (excellent ICs: RR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.69 to 3.83; clinically acceptable ICs: RR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.38).ConclusionEphedrine, without extra side effects, created superior ICs one minute after anesthesia induction using propofol and rocuronium, and low dose (i.e., 70-100 μg/kg) is recommended as the possible optimal dose.© 2012 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd and Chinese Cochrane Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University.

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