• Solja T Nyberg, Eleonor I Fransson, Katriina Heikkilä, Kirsi Ahola, Lars Alfredsson, Jakob B Bjorner, Marianne Borritz, Hermann Burr, Nico Dragano, Marcel Goldberg, Mark Hamer, Markus Jokela, Anders Knutsson, Markku Koskenvuo, Aki Koskinen, Anne Kouvonen, Constanze Leineweber, Ida E H Madsen, Linda L Magnusson Hanson, Michael G Marmot, Martin L Nielsen, Maria Nordin, Tuula Oksanen, Jan H Pejtersen, Jaana Pentti, Reiner Rugulies, Paula Salo, Johannes Siegrist, Andrew Steptoe, Sakari Suominen, Töres Theorell, Ari Väänänen, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna Virtanen, Peter J M Westerholm, Hugo Westerlund, Marie Zins, G David Batty, Eric J Brunner, Jane E Ferrie, Archana Singh-Manoux, Mika Kivimäki, and IPD-Work Consortium.
• Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland solja.nyberg@ttl.fi m.kivimaki@ucl.ac.uk.
• Diabetes Care. 2014 Aug 1;37(8):2268-75.

ObjectiveThe status of psychosocial stress at work as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes is unclear because existing evidence is based on small studies and is subject to confounding by lifestyle factors, such as obesity and physical inactivity. This collaborative study examined whether stress at work, defined as "job strain," is associated with incident type 2 diabetes independent of lifestyle factors.Research Design And MethodsWe extracted individual-level data for 124,808 diabetes-free adults from 13 European cohort studies participating in the IPD-Work Consortium. We measured job strain with baseline questionnaires. Incident type 2 diabetes at follow-up was ascertained using national health registers, clinical screening, and self-reports. We analyzed data for each study using Cox regression and pooled the study-specific estimates in fixed-effect meta-analyses.ResultsThere were 3,703 cases of incident diabetes during a mean follow-up of 10.3 years. After adjustment for age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES), the hazard ratio (HR) for job strain compared with no job strain was 1.15 (95% CI 1.06-1.25) with no difference between men and women (1.19 [1.06-1.34] and 1.13 [1.00-1.28], respectively). In stratified analyses, job strain was associated with an increased risk of diabetes among those with healthy and unhealthy lifestyle habits. In a multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, SES, and lifestyle habits, the HR was 1.11 (1.00-1.23).ConclusionsFindings from a large pan-European dataset suggest that job strain is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in men and women independent of lifestyle factors.© 2014 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered.

30 keywords...

hide…