• Cameron Brennan, T Jonathan Yang, Patrick Hilden, Zhigang Zhang, Kelvin Chan, Yoshiya Yamada, Timothy A Chan, Stella C Lymberis, Ashwatha Narayana, Viviane Tabar, Philip H Gutin, Åse Ballangrud, Eric Lis, and Kathryn Beal.
• Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
• Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2014 Jan 1;88(1):130-6.

PurposeTo evaluate local control after surgical resection and postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases.Methods And MaterialsA total of 49 patients (50 lesions) were enrolled and available for analysis. Eligibility criteria included histologically confirmed malignancy with 1 or 2 intraparenchymal brain metastases, age≥18 years, and Karnofsky performance status (KPS)≥70. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to test for significant associations between clinical factors and overall survival (OS). Competing risks regression models, as well as cumulative incidence functions, were fit using the method of Fine and Gray to assess the association between clinical factors and both local failure (LF; recurrence within surgical cavity or SRS target), and regional failure (RF; intracranial metastasis outside of treated volume).ResultsThe median follow-up was 12.0 months (range, 1.0-94.1 months). After surgical resection, 39 patients with 40 lesions were treated a median of 31 days (range, 7-56 days) later with SRS to the surgical bed to a median dose of 1800 cGy (range, 1500-2200 cGy). Of the 50 lesions, 15 (30%) demonstrated LF after surgery. The cumulative LF and RF rates were 22% and 44% at 12 months. Patients who went on to receive SRS had a significantly lower incidence of LF (P=.008). Other factors associated with improved local control include non-small cell lung cancer histology (P=.048), tumor diameter<3 cm (P=.010), and deep parenchymal tumors (P=.036). Large tumors (≥3 cm) with superficial dural/pial involvement showed the highest risk for LF (53.3% at 12 months). Large superficial lesions treated with SRS had a 54.5% LF. Infratentorial lesions were associated with a higher risk of developing RF compared to supratentorial lesions (P<.001).ConclusionsPostoperative SRS is associated with high rates of local control, especially for deep brain metastases<3 cm. Tumors≥3 cm with superficial dural/pial involvement demonstrate the highest risk of LF.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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