• Carlos A Artime and Carin A Hagberg.
• Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas. carlos.artime@uth.tmc.edu.
• Respir Care. 2014 Jun 1;59(6):991-1002; discussion 1002-5.

AbstractTracheal extubation in both the critical care and anesthesia setting is not only an important milestone for patient recovery, but also a procedure that carries a considerable risk of complication or failure. Mechanical ventilation is associated with significant complications that are time-dependent in nature, with a longer duration of intubation resulting in a higher incidence of complications, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, and increased mortality. Extubation failure and subsequent re-intubation are associated with an overall increase in the duration of mechanical ventilation, increased mortality, a greater need for tracheostomy, and higher medical costs. These risks demand that the process of extubation be managed by practitioners with a detailed understanding of the causes of extubation failure and the potential complications. A pre-established extubation plan with considerations made for the possible need for re-intubation is of the utmost importance.Copyright © 2014 by Daedalus Enterprises.

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