• Xi-Yang Zhang, Chan Chen, Ya-Bing Zhang, Si-Yang Wang, Tao Zhu, Jin Liu, Gang Ma, and Bin Liu.
• Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
• Shock. 2016 Oct 1; 46 (4): 405-11.

AbstractLung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) occurs in various clinical situations, such as transplantation, cardio pulmonary bypass, cardiac arrest, and major trauma, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Despite researchers having spent years of effort to investigate the pathogenesis of pulmonary ischemic injury, the concrete cellular and molecular mechanisms are still unknown. We hypothesized that toll-like receptor (TLR) 3 signaling may play a vital role in inflammation responses, apoptosis, and pulmonary dysfunction during LIRI. Lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) mouse model was established by the occlusion of the left pulmonary hilum of adult male C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and TLR3 deficient (TLR3) mice for 1 h, followed by reperfusion for 2 h. Blood serum and lung tissues of the mice were collected after lung I/R for subsequent experiments. Compared with WT mice, TLR3 mice had better preserved pulmonary function, and significantly attenuated pulmonary cytokines mRNA and protein production after I/R. Pulmonary apoptosis was also inhibited after TLR3 knockout, as indicated by cleaved caspase-3 western blot and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. Levels of serum microRNAs (miRNAs), especially miRNA155, were decreased in the TLR3 I/R group compared with that of the WT I/R group. In conclusion, these data suggest that TLR3 signaling pathway may be a promising target for the treatment of lung I/R injury.

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