• Floris E A Udink Ten Cate, Narayanswami Sreeram, Hala Hamza, Hala Agha, Eric Rosenthal, and Shakeel A Qureshi.
• Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
• Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2013 Sep 1;82(3):E233-43.

ObjectivesThe primary aim of this multi-institutional study was to describe our 18-year experience of ductal stenting (DS) in infants with a duct-dependent pulmonary circulation. The secondary aim sought to identify a subgroup of patients who may benefit the most using this evolving technique.BackgroundNo study has examined the extraordinary evolution of this promising therapy over the last two decades.MethodsBetween 1991 and 2009, 65 neonates and infants (39 male, 60%) underwent cardiac catheterization for DS in 3 participating centres. Patients were divided according to whether DS was attempted between 1991-2000 (Group 1, n = 20) or between 2001-2009 (Group 2, n = 45).ResultsDS was successful in 52/65 (80%) patients. DS outcome was associated with ductal morphology and cardiac diagnosis. DS failed more often in patients with univentricular physiology and tortuous duct morphology (p < 0.001). Most patients undergoing DS in Group 2 had pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) (p < 0.001). DS was successful in 94% of these patients. Groups differed significantly in diameter and length of first implanted stent (p < 0.001), implanting additional stent (p < 0.001), and occurrence of complications (p = 0.033). Freedom from re-intervention for the 52 patients was 92.3%. No procedure-related mortality occurred.ConclusionsThe technical aspects and clinical application of percutaneous DS has changed in the last two decades. DS has become a practical and safe therapy in a subgroup of neonates with ductal-dependent pulmonary blood flow.Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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