• Gerlant van Berlaer, Tom Staes, Dirk Danschutter, Ronald Ackermans, Stefano Zannini, Gabriele Rossi, Ronald Buyl, Geert Gijs, Michel Debacker, and Ives Hubloue.
• aDepartment of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel bResearch Group on Emergency and Disaster Medicine cDepartment of Public Health, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel dBelgian First Aid and Support Team eMédecins sans Frontières - Emergency Coordinator, MSF Operational Centre, Brussels fCrisis Management at Federal Public Health Service, Brussels gDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen - campus Jan Palfijn hSchool for Paramedics and Disaster Management, Campus Vesta, Antwerp, Belgium iMédecins sans Frontières - Support to Operations, MSF Italy, Rome, Italy.
• Eur J Emerg Med. 2017 Oct 1; 24 (5): 382-388.

ObjectivesDisaster medicine research generally lacks control groups. This study aims to describe categories of diagnoses encountered by the Belgian First Aid and Support Team after the 2010 Haiti earthquake and extract earthquake-related changes from comparison with comparable baseline data. The hypothesis is that besides earthquake-related trauma, medical problems emerge soon, questioning an appropriate composition of Foreign Medical Teams and Interagency Emergency Health Kits.MethodsUsing a descriptive cohort study design, diagnoses of patients presenting to the Belgian field hospital were prospectively registered during 4 weeks after the earthquake and compared with those recorded similarly by Médecins Sans Frontières in the same area and time span in previous and later years.ResultsOf 7000 triaged postearthquake patients, 3500 were admitted, of whom 2795 were included and analysed. In the fortnight after the earthquake, 90% suffered from injury. In the following fortnight, medical diseases emerged, particularly respiratory (23%) and digestive (14%). More than 53% developed infections within 3 weeks after the event. Médecins Sans Frontières registered 6407 patients in 2009; 6033 in 2011; and 7300 in 2012. A comparison indicates that postearthquake patients suffered significantly less from violence, but more from wounds, respiratory, digestive and ophthalmological diseases.ConclusionThis is the first comparison of postearthquake diagnoses with baseline data. Within 2 weeks after the acute phase of an earthquake, respiratory, digestive and ophthalmological problems will emerge to the prejudice of trauma. This fact should be anticipated when composing Foreign Medical Teams and Interagency Emergency Health Kits to be sent to the disaster site.

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