• Roger Daglius Dias and Augusto Scalabrini Neto.
• Emergency Department, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: roger.daglius@gmail.com.
• J Crit Care. 2016 Jun 1; 33: 8-13.

PurposeMedical simulation is fast becoming a standard of health care training throughout undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing medical education. Our aim was to evaluate if simulated scenarios have a high psychological fidelity and induce stress levels similarly to real emergency medical situations.Materials And MethodsMedical residents had their stress levels measured during emergency care (real-life and simulation) in baseline (T1) and immediately post-emergencies (T2). Parameters measuring acute stress were: heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, salivary α-amylase, salivary interleukin-1β, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory score.ResultsTwenty-eight internal medicine residents participated in 32 emergency situations (16 real-life and 16 simulated emergencies). In the real-life group, all parameters increased significantly (P < .05) between T1 and T2. In the simulation group, only heart rate and interleukin-1β increased significantly after emergencies. The comparison between groups demonstrates that acute stress response (T2 - T1) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory score (in T2) did not differ between groups.ConclusionsAcute stress response did not differ between both groups. Our results indicate that emergency medicine simulation may create a high psychological fidelity environment similarly to what is observed in a real emergency room.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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