• Martina Crivellari, Patrizia Della Valle, Giovanni Landoni, Federico Pappalardo, Chiara Gerli, Elena Bignami, Giovanni Marino, Alberto Zangrillo, and Armando D'Angelo.
• Department of Cardiac Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60 Milano, Milan, 20132, Italy.
• Intensive Care Med. 2009 Nov 1;35(11):1959-63.

PurposeTo describe outcome and changes in clotting and inflammatory parameters in an uncontrolled case series of consecutive patients with severe sepsis who received protein C concentrate soon after cardiac surgery.MethodsFrom January 2007 to January 2008 nine consecutive adult patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and two or more organ failure after cardiac surgery received protein C concentrate, 50 IU/kg as a bolus followed by continuous infusion of 3 IU/kg per hour for 72 h.ResultsThe increase in protein C levels was accompanied by an early drop in interleukins and near-normalization of prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin and thrombin-antithrombin complex levels (p < or = 0.03). No patient experienced drug-related side effects. Thirty-day mortality was 11% (1 patient) compared to the expected mortality of 68%.ConclusionsIn this pilot, uncontrolled study of nine patients with sepsis-induced double organ failure following cardiac surgery, treatment with protein C concentrate was associated with significant improvement in clinical, inflammatory and clotting parameters, no bleeding and low 30-day mortality.

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