• Jin Hee Jeong, Jin Hee Lee, Kyuseok Kim, You Hwan Jo, Joong Eui Rhee, Young Ho Kwak, Do Kyun Kim, and Hyun Noh.
• From the *Department of Emergency Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do; †Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do; and ‡Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital; and §Department of Emergency Medicine, Inje University College of medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• Pediatr Emerg Care. 2014 Aug 1;30(8):540-5.

ObjectivePatients with febrile seizures (FSs) are observed in emergency departments or admitted to hospitals because of the possibility of recurrence. There are no guidelines regarding the observation time for recurring FS. The aim of this study was to identify the rate, time, risk factors, and cumulative probability of early recurrence.Patients And MethodsThis study was a retrospective chart review of patients visiting an emergency department with FS from January to December 2011. Early recurrence was defined as FS recurring within 7 days after the first episode. Patients were divided into 2 groups: early recurrence and nonearly recurrence. The 2 groups were compared in terms of demographics, clinical data, and laboratory findings to identify risk factors for early recurrence. The cumulative probability over time was determined.ResultsIn total, 228 patients were identified. The recurrence rate was 17.5% (40/228), and the median time to recurrence was 6.0 hours (interquartile range, 1.1-13.0 hours). The overall cumulative probability of early recurrence was 8.8% within 6 hours, 12.7% within 12 hours, and 15.8% within 24 hours. Most recurrences (90.0%) occurred within 24 hours of the first FS. Early recurrence occurred frequently in patients with nongeneralized-type seizures or seizures of 15-minute duration or longer.ConclusionsThe majority of recurrent FSs occurred in the first 24 hours. The type and duration of seizures were significant risk factors for early recurrence.

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