• J R Crawford, J D Henry, C Crombie, and E P Taylor.
• Department of Psychology, King's College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2UB, UK. j.crawford@abdn.ac.uk
• Br J Clin Psychol. 2001 Nov 1;40(Pt 4):429-34.

ObjectivesTo provide normative data for the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS).DesignRepeated measures and correlational.MethodsThe HADS was administered to a non-clinical sample, broadly representative of the general adult UK population (N = 1792) in terms of the distributions of age, gender and occupational status. Correlational analysis was used to determine the influence of demographic variables on HADS scores.ResultsDemographic variables had only very modest influences on HADS scores. The reliability of the HADS is acceptable; the Anxiety and Depression scales are moderately correlated (.53). Tables to convert raw scores to percentiles are presented for females and males.ConclusionsThe present normative data allow clinicians to assess the rarity of a given HADS score, and thus provide a useful supplement to existing cut-off scores.

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