• Daisuke Takenaka, Yoshiharu Ohno, Keiko Matsumoto, Nobukazu Aoyama, Yumiko Onishi, Hisanobu Koyama, Munenobu Nogami, Takeshi Yoshikawa, Sumiaki Matsumoto, and Kazuro Sugimura.
• Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
• J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009 Aug 1;30(2):298-308.

PurposeTo prospectively compare the capability for bone metastasis assessment of whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without and with DWI, [(18)F] fluoro-2-D-glucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) and bone scintigraphy in non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) patients.Materials And MethodsIn all, 115 consecutive NSCLC patients (66 men, 49 women; mean age 72 years) prospectively underwent whole-body MRI, PET/CT, and bone scintigraphy before treatment. For each method, probability of metastasis was independently assessed by using a 5-point visual scoring system on a per-site basis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-based positive tests were used to determine the practical threshold value for each method on a per-site basis. Sensitivities, specificities, and accuracies were then compared on a per-site and per-patient basis by means of McNemar's test.ResultsWhen the practical threshold values were adapted, specificity and accuracy of whole-body MRI with DWI were significantly higher than those of bone scintigraphy and PET/CT (P < 0.05). On a per-patient basis, specificity and accuracy of whole-body MRI with DWI were significantly higher than those of bone scintigraphy (P < 0.05).ConclusionWhole-body MRI with DWI can be used for bone metastasis assessment of NSCLC patients as accurate as bone scintigraphy and/or PET/CT.(c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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