• Thea Palsgaard Møller, Carolina Malta Hansen, Martin Fjordholt, Birgitte Dahl Pedersen, Doris Østergaard, and Freddy K Lippert.
• Emergency Medical Services Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Telegrafvej 5, opgang 2,3, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark; Danish Institute for Medical Simulation, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark Herlev Ringvej 75,25, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark. Electronic address: thea.palsgaard.moeller@regionh.dk.
• Resuscitation. 2014 Nov 1;85(11):1504-11.

Aim Of The StudyTo explore the concept of debriefing bystanders after participating in an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation attempt including (1) bystanders' most commonly addressed reactions after participating in a resuscitation attempt when receiving debriefing from medical dispatchers; (2) their perception of effects of receiving debriefing and (3) bystanders' recommendations for a systematic debriefing concept.MethodsQualitative study based on telephone debriefing to bystanders and interviews with bystanders who received debriefing. Data was analyzed using the phenomenological approach.ResultsSix themes emerged from analysis of debriefing audio files: (1) identification of OHCA; (2) emotional and perceptual experience with OHCA; (3) collaboration with healthcare professionals; (4) patients outcome; (5) coping with the experience and (6) general reflections. When evaluating the concept, bystanders expressed positive short term effect of receiving debriefing and a retention of this effect after two months. Recommendations for a future debriefing concept were given.ConclusionDebriefing by emergency medical dispatchers to OHCA bystanders stimulates reflection, positively influencing the ability to cope with the emotional reactions and the cognitive perception of own performance and motivates improvement of CPR skills. Importantly, it increases confidence to provide CPR in the future. Implementation of telephone debriefing to bystanders at Emergency Medical Dispatch Centres is a low complexity and a low cost intervention though the logistic challenges have to be considered.Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.. All rights reserved.

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