• Kimberly Miller, Molly A McGraw, Alyssa Tomsey, Gajanan G Hegde, Jennifer Shang, John M O'Neill, and Arvind Venkat.
• Department of Pharmacy, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
• Am J Emerg Med. 2014 Oct 1;32(10):1270-4.

ObjectiveOur objective was to evaluate whether pharmacist addition to the postvisit review of discharged adult emergency department (ED) visits' prescriptions/cultures would reduce the prevalence of revised antimicrobial regimen inappropriateness.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study of discharged adult ED visits to a single center with positive cultures requiring antimicrobial regimen revision (May 1 to October 31, 2012, nurse process; February 1 to July 31, 2013, nurse/pharmacist process). Investigators abstracted cohorts' medical records for demographic, ED diagnosis, original/revised antibiotic regimen, culture result, medical history, medications, and patient instruction data and determined whether the revised regimen was inappropriate based on Infectious Diseases Society of America/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and clinical guidelines. We used the large sample z-test to compare the prevalence of revised antimicrobial regimen inappropriateness between the 2 cohorts.ResultsIn the prepharmacist cohort, there were 411 positive ED discharge cultures. Seventy-three (17.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 14.1%-21.5%) required antimicrobial regimen revision; 34 of these met 1 or more level of inappropriateness (46.6%; 95% CI, 35.1%-58.0%). In the postpharmacist cohort, there were 459 positive ED discharge cultures. Seventy-five (16.3%; 95% CI, 13.0%-19.7%) required revision; 11 of these met 1 or more level of inappropriateness (14.7%; 95% CI, 6.7%-22.7%; z = 4.2; P < .0001 for comparison).ConclusionIn this single-center study, pharmacist addition to the postvisit review of discharged adult ED patients' prescriptions/cultures reduced the prevalence of revised antimicrobial regimen inappropriateness.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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