• Menglin Tang, Mei Feng, Lijun Chen, Jinmei Zhang, Peng Ji, and Shuhua Luo.
• Menglin Tang is a nurse in the pediatric intensive care unit at West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.Mei Feng is a nurse in the pediatric intensive care unit at West China Hospital of Sichuan University.Lijun Chen is a nurse in the pediatric intensive care unit at West China Hospital of Sichuan University.Jinmei Zhang is a nurse in the pediatric intensive care unit at West China Hospital of Sichuan University.Peng Ji is a resident physician, Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University.Shuhua Luo is an attending physician, Department of Cardiac Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. menglin_tang@163.com.
• Crit Care Nurse. 2014 Oct 1;34(5):53-60; quiz 61.

BackgroundArterial catheters are potential sources of nosocomial infection.ObjectiveTo investigate use of a closed blood conservation device in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections in children after cardiac surgery.MethodsChildren with an indwelling arterial catheter after cardiac surgery were randomly assigned to 2 groups: a control group with a conventional 3-way stopcock in the catheter system and an interventional group with the conservation device in the catheter system. Catheter tips, catheter intraluminal fluid, and blood samples obtained from the catheter and peripherally were cultured for microbiological analysis. RESULTS Intraluminal fluid contamination was significantly lower (P = .03) in the interventional group (3 of 147 catheters) than in the control group (10 of 137 catheters). The 2 groups did not differ significantly in the rate of tip colonization (9 of 147 vs 12 of 137; P = .40) or in the number of catheter-related bloodstream infections (0 of 147 vs 2 of 137; P = .21).ConclusionUse of a closed blood conservation device could decrease the incidence of catheter-related contamination of intraluminal fluid.©2014 American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.

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