• Respiration · Jan 2011

    Therapeutic effect of direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column in the treatment of HIV-negative severe pneumocystis pneumonia.

    • Ryo Tachikawa, Keisuke Tomii, Kimihiko Murase, Hiroyuki Ueda, Yuka Harada, Yoko Kida, and Kyosuke Ishihara.
    • Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan. ryotkw@kcgh.gr.jp
    • Respiration. 2011 Jan 1;81(4):318-24.

    BackgroundDirect hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column (PMX-DHP) has been shown to improve oxygenation in cases of diffuse alveolar damage, but little is known about its effectiveness in treating pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in HIV-negative immunosuppressed patients.ObjectivesThis study was aimed at investigating the effect of PMX-DHP in treating non-HIV-related PCP.MethodsBetween October 2005 and September 2008, 6 patients with non-HIV-related PCP were treated with 2 sessions of PMX-DHP at an attending physician's discretion when severe hypoxemia developed despite conventional treatments including high-dose corticosteroid, whereas 9 patients in a similar condition were treated without PMX-DHP. Changes in oxygenation and radiographic findings in the PMX-DHP group and adverse events associated with PMX-DHP were investigated retrospectively, as were the outcomes for both treatment groups.ResultsThere was an improvement in PaO(2)/FiO(2) during each PMX-DHP session, from 148.8 ± 52.5 to 188.2 ± 79.3 mm Hg (p = 0.02). After 2 sessions of PMX-DHP, an improvement in PaO(2)/FiO(2), from 131.8 ± 37.4 to 213.3 ± 87.3 mm Hg, was observed (p = 0.04), but no significantly different improvement was detected on the following day. The radiographic findings improved in 4 patients during PMX-DHP. The in-hospital mortality was similarly high in both groups (50% in the PMX-DHP group vs. 67% in the non-PMX-DHP group). No significant adverse events associated with PMX-DHP were observed except for advanced thrombocytopenia in 1 patient.ConclusionPMX-DHP may serve as an adjunct in the treatment of non-HIV-related PCP, temporarily alleviating severe hypoxemia even in cases refractory to conventional treatments.Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.

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