• Rong Hua, Yongmei Zhang, Fuxing Chen, Zhonghai Zhou, Xi Li, Boming Shao, Shangjing Wang, Yujing Zhang, and Xiaoting Lv.
• Department of Emergency Medicine, The 97th Hospital of PLA, Xuzhou 221000, China. Electronic address: HuarongSCI@163.com.
• Injury. 2014 Dec 1; 45 (12): 2089-95.

ObjectivePosttraumatic immune disorder can cause complications including systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Cytotoxic granules containing perforin and granzyme-B (GrB) are released by cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes, NK and γδT cells after major trauma. This prospective clinical study was designed to analyze the association between these immune components and complications after major trauma.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 48 patients aged between 16 and 65 years admitted within 90min of major trauma (Injury Severity Score>16) and surviving beyond 7 days, and 20 healthy controls. Blood samples were drawn on admission and after 1, 3 and 7 days. CD8(+) T, NK and γδT cell counts in peripheral blood and the levels of perforin and GrB in these cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Clinical aspects of MODS and SIRS were recorded daily.ResultsCD8(+) T cell counts were not significantly different in patients with SIRS or uncomplicated group, but were depressed in the MODS group after trauma. However, NK cell counts in patients with MODS were significantly depressed only at day 7 after injury, and γδT cell counts were significantly depressed after trauma. Perforin levels in CD8(+) T, NK and γδT cells in patients with MODS were depressed after trauma. GrB levels in NK, CD8(+) T and γδT cells in patients with MODS were significantly depressed at 3 and 7 days post trauma.ConclusionPosttraumatic MODS is associated with early, sustained, and severe depression of lymphocytes.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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