• Rita K Bode and Allen W Heinemann.
• Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Medical School, and the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
• Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002 Jan 1;83(1):100-6.

ObjectiveTo examine functional improvement patterns of persons with stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and spinal cord injury (SCI).DesignStatistical analysis of data from a multisite study evaluating rehabilitation outcomes.SettingEight inpatient rehabilitation facilities.ParticipantsA total of 314 consecutive admissions of persons with stroke, SCI, and TBI who received acute medical rehabilitation between 1994 and 1998.InterventionCalibration of motor and cognitive items from the FIM instrument, grouping of cases by number of weeks of rehabilitation (length of stay [LOS] groups), and plotting of weekly averages across time.Main Outcome MeasuresWeekly motor and cognitive functional status.ResultsWith the exception of cognitive functioning for persons with SCI, LOS was related to initial functional status, with patients with greater disability having longer LOS (eg, initial motor status for persons with stroke was 48.3 for those with a 2-week stay, 36.8 for a 6-week stay, with the averages between decreasing monotonically). With the exception of cognitive gains for person with TBIs, the amount of functional gain during rehabilitation was essentially the same for all LOS groups (eg, the overall average total motor gain for persons with SCI is 22.3, with no patterns of increase or decrease across LOS groups); however, the rate of improvement in motor (but not cognitive) functioning differed across LOS groups, with patients with shorter stays having the greater rates of improvement (eg, the overall average weekly motor gain for persons with SCI was 3.6, with the averages by LOS group monotonically decreasing from 6.4 for those with 4-week stays to 2.7 for those with 9-week stays).ConclusionsWhen examined separately for persons grouped by LOS, functional status improved linearly during the rehabilitation stay, with differences in rate of improvement depending on initial functional status.Copyright 2002 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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