• B A Bates, S A Schutzman, and G R Fleisher.
• Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center of Dallas, Texas.
• Ann Emerg Med. 1994 Oct 1;24(4):646-51.

Study ObjectiveTo compare intranasal sufentanil and midazolam (IN-SM) with intramuscular meperidine, promethazine, and chlorpromazine (IM-MPC) for sedation in children.DesignSingle-blind, randomized, controlled study.SettingUrban children's emergency department.ParticipantsA convenience sample of children aged 1 to 4 years requiring suturing.InterventionsIN-SM or IM-MPC.ResultsVital signs, O2 saturation, and anxiety and pain scores were recorded. A 6-point scale was used to assess response to medication, and a 12-point recovery score was used to determine readiness for discharge. Both groups were similar in age and sex distribution. There were no significant adverse effects in either group. Patients tolerated the IN regimen better than the IM regimen. Behavioral scores were lower during repair than at baseline within each group; however, they were not different between groups. Time to discharge was longer and recovery scores were lower (worse) among the IM-MPC group.ConclusionIN-SM is as effective as IM-MPC for sedation in children.

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