• Tsuneyuki Oda, Takashi Ogura, Hideya Kitamura, Eri Hagiwara, Tomohisa Baba, Yasunori Enomoto, Tae Iwasawa, Koji Okudela, Tamiko Takemura, Fumikazu Sakai, and Yoshinori Hasegawa.
• Chest. 2014 Nov 1;146(5):1248-55.

BackgroundPleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare form of interstitial pneumonia and sometimes coexists with a histologic usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern. This study aimed to describe the distinct clinical features of PPFE with UIP pattern compared with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of 110 consecutive patients with IPF with a histologic UIP pattern on surgical lung biopsy specimen. Patients meeting radiologic criteria for the diagnosis of PPFE based on high-resolution CT scan and with a histologic UIP pattern were included.ResultsNine of eleven patients meeting radiologic criteria for the diagnosis of PPFE were histologically confirmed as having PPFE with UIP pattern. The PPFE with UIP pattern group showed a significantly higher residual volume (1.8 L vs 1.3 L, P < .01), higher Paco2 (44.6 mm Hg vs 41.7 mm Hg, P = .04), and higher complication rate of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum than the 99 patients with IPF/UIP. The ratio of anteroposterior to transthoracic diameter in patients with PPFE with UIP pattern was significantly lower than that in patients with IPF/UIP (P = .04). Survival time tended to be shorter in patients with PPFE with UIP pattern.ConclusionsThe results support the view that PPFE with UIP pattern is a disease entity distinct from IPF/UIP and may well be classified as PPFE.

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