• Kwang-Bok Lee, Samuel S Murray, Cyrus E Taghavi, Kyung-Jin Song, Elsa J Brochmann, Jared S Johnson, Gun Keorochana, Jen-Chung Liao, and Jeffrey C Wang.
• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90404, USA.
• Spine J. 2011 Jun 1;11(6):568-76.

Background ContextBone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and BMP-7 are used to enhance bone formation in spine surgery, but the use of these materials is associated with side effects including inflammation, especially in the soft tissues of the neck. Bone morphogenetic protein-binding peptide (BBP) binds BMP-2 and BMP-7 and imparts a "slow-release" property to collagen carrier.PurposeTo test the hypothesis that the addition of BBP will reduce the soft-tissue inflammation induced by the implantation of BMP-2 and BMP-7 on a collagen sponge.Study Design/SettingProspective in vivo rodent model of inflammation.MethodsWe implanted six different materials absorbed onto collagen sponges: absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) alone; BBP alone; recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 alone; rhBMP-2 plus BBP; rhBMP-7 alone; and rhBMP-7 plus BBP. Sponges were implanted bilaterally (subcutaneously [SC] and intramuscularly [IM]) into the backs of rats. Using magnetic resonance imaging, inflammation was assessed in terms of soft-tissue edema volume at 3 hours and at 2, 4, and 7 days. The animal subjects were killed on Day 7, and the dimensions of the inflammatory mass were measured manually in the case of SC tissue and those of the inflammatory zone were determined subsequently by microscopic examination in the case of muscle.ResultsBoth the SC and the IM soft-tissue edema volumes in the rhBMP-2 plus BBP and the rhBMP-7 plus BBP groups were significantly lower than those observed in the rhBMP-2 alone and rhBMP-7 alone groups. The edema volume associated with BBP alone was greater than that associated with ACS alone but less than that associated with the other treatment groups. The measurements of inflammatory masses and zone yielded similar results.ConclusionsBone morphogenetic protein-binding peptide may reduce the inflammatory response associated with the use of rhBMP-2 and rhBMP-7 in a rodent model of inflammation and in a form that has previously been shown to enhance the activity of BMPs. These preliminary studies suggest that BBP may have the potential to be used in the future to improve healing and reduce soft-tissue swelling in surgical applications of BMPs.Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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