• G Della Rocca, F Iannuccelli, L Pompei, P Pietropaoli, C Reale, and P Di Marco.
• Clinic of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, School of Specialization in Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy.
• Minerva Anestesiol. 2012 Jul 1;78(7):767-73.

BackgroundLittle is known about current use of neuromuscular blocking agents by Italian anesthetists. This paper reports the results of a survey conducted to obtain information about current management of neuromuscular block in Italy.MethodsA questionnaire was given to Italian Anesthetists attending the 64nd National Congress of the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Intensive Care, Analgesia and Intensive Therapy S.I.A.A.R.T.I. (Parma, 13th-16th October 2010). Collected data were stratified by age, geographical location, and the total number of surgical procedures performed in the hospitals concerned.ResultsOne thousand four hundred forty patients correctly compiled questionnaires were collected. 50% of respondents used clinical tests to monitor the level of neuromuscular blockade. The main clinical tests cited for the evaluation were: keeping the head lifted up for 5 seconds, protruding the tongue and opening the eyes. Train-of-four was used by 50% of respondents on a routine basis. Only 33% of anesthetists reply that a train-of-four ratio of 90% or more is the safe level prior to extubation.ConclusionClinical signs are used by most of the Italian anesthetists to assess the recovery from neuromuscular blockade. There is poor awareness about their inability to indicate even a significant degree of residual neuromuscular block. A more extensive use of quantitative instrumental monitoring is required for the more rational use of neuromuscular blocking agents.

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