• Jiri Fremuth, Jiri Kobr, Katerina Pizingerova, Lumir Sasek, Petr Jehlicka, Jana Zamboryova, Ondrej Hess, Jana Vrzalova, Jaroslav Racek, and Zbynek Tonar.
• Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University of Prague in Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic fremuthj@gmail.com.
• In Vivo. 2014 Sep 1; 28 (5): 803-9.

BackgroundThe aim of this comparative study was to assess the impact of two different settings of tidal volume (Vt) on the function and morphology of the mechanically ventilated lungs during a 12-h period.Materials And MethodsA total of 32 animals were randomly divided into two groups. Group A included piglets ventilated with a Vt of 6 ml/kg and group B piglets ventilated with a Vt of 10 ml/kg. Lung functions and pulmonary mechanics were evaluated after 1 and 12 h of mechanical ventilation. Morphological changes of the lung tissue were evaluated at the end of the study.ResultsTwelve hours of lower Vt ventilation was associated with the development of respiratory acidosis but minimal histological changes. Higher Vt led to pronounced histological changes in terms of proliferation and apoptosis and a decrease of dynamic compliance, with a trend towards lower oxygenation during the study.ConclusionMechanical ventilation with a Vt of 6 ml/kg induces minimal histological lung parenchymal changes in terms of proliferation and apoptosis. Positive pressure mechanical ventilation with Vt of 10 ml/kg does not protect lung tissue and induces substantial proliferative and apoptotic changes within the lung parenchyma. Positive pressure mechanical ventilation with Vt of 10 ml/kg does not guarantee protection of healthy pulmonary tissue in the absence of a priming pulmonary insult.Copyright © 2014 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.

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