• Luca Maione, Antonio Memeo, Leopoldo Pedretti, Fabio Verdoni, Andrea Lisa, Valeria Bandi, Silvia Giannasi, Valeriano Vinci, Andrea Mambretti, and Marco Klinger.
• University of Milan, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA - Plastic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Mi) - Italy.
• Injury. 2014 Dec 1; 45 Suppl 6: S126-32.

IntroductionSurgical limb lengthening is undertaken to correct pathological short stature. Among the possible complications related to this procedure, painful and retractile scars are a cause for both functional and cosmetic concern. Our team has already shown the efficacy of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of scars with varying aetiology, so we decided to apply this technique to scars related to surgical correction of dwarfism. A prospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of post-surgical scars in patients with short-limb dwarfism using durometer measurements and a modified patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS), to which was added a parameter to evaluate movement impairment.Patients And MethodsBetween January 2009 and September 2012, 36 children (28 female and 8 male) who presented retractile and painful post-surgical scars came to our unit and were treated with autologous fat grafting. Preoperative and postoperative mean durometer measurements were analysed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and POSAS parameters were studied using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.ResultsThere was a statistically significant reduction in all durometer measurements (p-value <0.05) and in all but one of the POSAS parameters (p-value <0.05) following treatment with autologous fat grafting.DiscussionSurgical procedures to camouflage scars on lower limbs are not often used as a first approach and non-surgical treatments often lead to unsatisfactory results. In contrast, our autologous fat grafting technique in the treatment of post-surgical scars has been shown to be a valuable option in patients with short-limb dwarfism.ConclusionThere was a reduction of skin hardness and a clinical improvement of all POSAS parameters in all patients treated. Moreover, the newly introduced POSAS parameter appears to be reliable and we recommend that it is included to give a more complete evaluation of patient perception.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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