• Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. · Feb 2015

    Review

    Toxic Industrial Chemicals and Chemical Weapons: Exposure, Identification, and Management by Syndrome.

    • Anthony J Tomassoni, Robert N E French, and Frank G Walter.
    • Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale New Haven Center for Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Response, Yale New Haven Health System, Yale University School of Medicine, 464 Congress Avenue, Suite 260, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Electronic address: anthony.tomassoni@yale.edu.
    • Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am.. 2015 Feb 1;33(1):13-36.

    AbstractToxidromes aid emergency care providers in the context of the patient presenting with suspected poisoning, unexplained altered mental status, unknown hazardous materials or chemical weapons exposure, or the unknown overdose. The ability to capture an adequate chemical exposure history and to recognize toxidromes may reduce dependence on laboratory tests, speed time to delivery of specific antidote therapy, and improve selection of supportive care practices tailored to the etiologic agent. This article highlights elements of the exposure history and presents selected toxidromes that may be caused by toxic industrial chemicals and chemical weapons. Specific antidotes for toxidromes and points regarding their use, and special supportive measures, are presented.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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