• Vet Anaesth Analg · Jan 2007

    Clinical Trial

    The effects of ketamine on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats.

    • Peter J Pascoe, Janet E Ilkiw, Carolyn Craig, and Cynthia Kollias-Baker.
    • Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. pjpascoe@ucdavis.edu
    • Vet Anaesth Analg. 2007 Jan 1; 34 (1): 31-9.

    ObjectivesTo determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane during the infusion of ketamine.Study DesignProspective, experimental trial.AnimalsTwelve adult spayed female cats weighing 5.1 +/- 0.9 kg.MethodsSix cats were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen, intubated and attached to a circle-breathing system with mechanical ventilation. Catheters were placed in a peripheral vein for the infusion of fluids and ketamine, and the jugular vein for blood sampling for the measurement of ketamine concentrations. An arterial catheter was placed to allow blood pressure measurement and sampling for the measurement of PaCO2, PaO2 and pH. PaCO2 was maintained between 29 and 41 mmHg (3.9-5.5 kPa) and body temperature was kept between 37.8 and 39.3 degrees C. Following instrumentation, the MAC of isoflurane was determined in triplicate using a tail clamp method. A loading dose (2 mg kg(-1) over 5 minutes) and an infusion (23 microg kg(-1) minute(-1)) of ketamine was started and MAC was redetermined starting 30 minutes later. Two further loading doses and infusions were used, 2 mg kg(-1) and 6 mg kg(-1) with 46 and 115 microg kg(-1) minute(-1), respectively and MAC was redetermined. Cardiopulmonary measurements were taken before application of the noxious stimulus. The second group of six cats was used for the measurement of steady state plasma ketamine concentrations at each of the three infusion rates used in the initial study and the appropriate MAC value determined from the first study.ResultsThe MAC decreased by 45 +/- 17%, 63 +/- 18%, and 75 +/- 17% at the infusion rates of 23, 46, and 115 microg kg(-1) minute(-1). These infusion rates corresponded to ketamine plasma concentrations of 1.75 +/- 0.21, 2.69 +/- 0.40, and 5.36 +/- 1.19 microg mL(-1). Arterial blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly with ketamine. Recovery was protracted.Conclusions And Clinical RelevanceThe MAC of isoflurane was significantly decreased by an infusion of ketamine and this was accompanied by an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Because of the prolonged recovery in our cats, further work needs to be performed before using this in patients.

      Pubmed     Full text   Copy Citation     Plaintext  

      Add institutional full text...

    Notes

     
    Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?
    300 characters remaining
    help        
    You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
    • Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as *italics*, _underline_ or **bold**.
    • Superscript can be denoted by <sup>text</sup> and subscript <sub>text</sub>.
    • Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines 1. 2. 3., hyphens - or asterisks *.
    • Links can be included with: [my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
    • Images can be included with: ![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
    • For footnotes use [^1](This is a footnote.) inline.
    • Or use an inline reference [^1] to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document [^1]: This is a long footnote..

    hide…

What will the 'Medical Journal of You' look like?

Start your free 21 day trial now.

We guarantee your privacy. Your email address will not be shared.