• Martha Lopez-Canul, Enza Palazzo, Sergio Dominguez-Lopez, Livio Luongo, Baptiste Lacoste, Stefano Comai, Debora Angeloni, Franco Fraschini, Serena Boccella, Gilberto Spadoni, Annalida Bedini, Giorgio Tarzia, Sabatino Maione, Vinicio Granados-Soto, and Gabriella Gobbi.
• aNeurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada bInstitute of Neuroethology, University Veracruzana, Xalapa, México cDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy dInstitute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy eDepartment of Pharmacology, Chemotherapy and Medical Toxicology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy fInstitute of Medicinal Chemistry, University Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy gNeurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Department of Pharmacobiology, Cinvestav-Sede Sur, México, D. F., Mexico.
• Pain. 2015 Feb 1;156(2):305-17.

AbstractNeuropathic pain is an important public health problem for which only a few treatments are available. Preclinical studies show that melatonin (MLT), a neurohormone acting on MT1 and MT2 receptors, has analgesic properties, likely through MT2 receptors. Here, we determined the effects of the novel selective MLT MT2 receptor partial agonist N-{2-([3-bromophenyl]-4-fluorophenylamino)ethyl}acetamide (UCM924) in 2 neuropathic pain models in rats and examined its supraspinal mechanism of action. In rat L5-L6 spinal nerve ligation and spared nerve injury models, UCM924 (20-40 mg/kg, subcutaneously) produced a prolonged antinociceptive effect that is : (1) dose-dependent and blocked by the selective MT2 receptor antagonist 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin, (2) superior to a high dose of MLT (150 mg/kg) and comparable with gabapentin (100 mg/kg), but (3) without noticeable motor coordination impairments in the rotarod test. Using double staining immunohistochemistry, we found that MT2 receptors are expressed by glutamatergic neurons in the rostral ventrolateral periaqueductal gray. Using in vivo electrophysiology combined with tail flick, we observed that microinjection of UCM924 into the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray decreased tail flick responses, depressed the firing activity of ON cells, and activated the firing of OFF cells; all effects were MT2 receptor-dependent. Altogether, these data demonstrate that selective MT2 receptor partial agonists have analgesic properties through modulation of brainstem descending antinociceptive pathways, and MT2 receptors may represent a novel target in the treatment of neuropathic pain.

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