• Stephanie L Siehr, Mary Hunt Martin, David Axelrod, Bradley Efron, Lynn Peng, Stephen J Roth, Stanton Perry, and Andrew Y Shin.
• Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
• Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2014 Oct 1; 84 (4): 622-8.

ObjectivesDescribe outcomes following unplanned cardiac catheterization after congenital heart surgery.BackgroundUtility of cardiac catheterization following congenital heart surgery is relatively understudied.MethodsRetrospective study examining demographics, indications, and outcomes of unplanned cardiac catheterization after congenital heart surgery at a single institution.ResultsBetween October 2004 and April 2011, 120 patients underwent 150 unplanned postoperative cardiac catheterizations. Median day of catheterization was postoperative day 20 (range 1-269 days). Survival 30 days postcatheterization was 85%; overall survival to hospital discharge was 72%. Indications for catheterization: 63 for hemodynamic evaluation, 46 for likely intervention, and 41 for assessment of surgical repair. Of the 150 hemodynamic/interventional catheterizations, 103 (69%) were associated with a change in clinical management: 59 trans-catheter interventions, 22 re-operations, 11 changes in medication, six changes in surgical plan, and five withdrawals of support. Complications included hemorrhage in two patients, supraventricular tachycardia in two patients, and transient complete heart block requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation in one patient.ConclusionsCardiac catheterization following congenital heart surgery may enable important diagnostic and therapeutic changes in clinical and surgical management. Complications were rare.© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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