• Ricardo Rabagliati, Rosana Benítez, Alicia Fernández, Pablo Gaete, Ana María Guzmán, Patricia García, Marcela Ferrés, Carlos Pérez, and Jaime Labarca.
• Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Santiago, Chile. rabagli@med.puc.cl
• Rev Med Chil. 2004 Mar 1; 132 (3): 317-24.

BackgroundInfluenza-A (IA) occurs every winter, is mostly observed among outpatients.AimTo describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of cases that required hospital admission during an outbreak in Chile in 1999.Patients And MethodsAdults subjects, with Influenza A confirmed by antigen detection test, hospitalized in the clinical hospital of the "Hospital Clínico de la Universidad Católica de Chile" between May and June, with fever or respiratory symptoms were studied. A special record was designed to register clinical, microbiological and therapeutic data.ResultsFifty five cases, 26 males, aged 15 to 91 years, were studied. Eighty four percent had chronic concomitant diseases and 9.1% were immunosuppressed. Clinical findings were fever in 873%, asthenia in 83.6%, cough in 93.6%, abnormal pulmonary signs in 69%, an elevated C-reactive protein (mean value of 11.6 +/- 7.1 mg/dL) and acute respiratory insufficiency in 54.5%. Cases were isolated in cohort or individual rooms and 38.2% were admitted to intensive or intermediate care units. Amantadine was prescribed to 52 patients and was well tolerated. Thirty three percent of cases developed pneumonia. These subjects were older; had more dyspnea and respiratory insufficiency than patients without pneumonia.ConclusionsIA should be borne in mind when dealing with hospitalized adults, during epidemic outbreaks in the community. The clinical picture can resemble a serious bacterial infection. An early diagnosis allows the use of specific treatments, to decrease the risk of nosocomial spread and to avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics.

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