• Stephen Morris, Bob Elliott, Ada Ma, Alex McConnachie, Nigel Rice, Diane Skåtun, and Matt Sutton.
• Health Economics Research Group, Brunel University UK.
• J R Soc Med. 2008 Jul 1; 101 (7): 372-80.

ObjectiveConsultants employed by the NHS in England are allowed to undertake private practice to supplement their NHS income. Until the introduction of a new contract from October 2003, those employed on full-time contracts were allowed to earn private incomes no greater than 10% of their NHS income. In this paper we investigate the magnitude and determinants of consultants' NHS and private incomes.DesignQuantitative analysis of financial data.SettingA unique, anonymized, non-disclosive dataset derived from tax returns for a sample of 24,407 consultants (92.3% of the total) in England for the financial year 2003/4.Main Outcome MethodsThe conditional mean total, NHS and private incomes earned by age group, type of contract, specialty and region of place of work.ResultsThe mean annual total, NHS and private incomes across all consultants in 2003/4 were pound 110,773, pound 76,628 and pound 34,144, respectively. Incomes varied by age, type of contract, specialty and region of place of work. The ratio of mean private to NHS income for consultants employed on a full-time contract was 0.26. The mean private income across specialties ranged from pound 5,144 (for paediatric neurology) to pound 142,723 (plastic surgery). There was a positive association between mean private income and NHS waiting lists across specialties.ConclusionsConsultants employed on full-time contracts on average exceeded the limits on private income stipulated by the 10% rule. Specialty is a more important determinant of income than the region in which the consultant works. Further work is required to explore the association between mean private income and waiting lists.

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