-
- J D Cowan.
- Palliative Medicine of East Tennessee, 1915 White Avenue, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA. JCowan@CovHlth.com
- Curr Oncol Rep. 2000 Jul 1; 2 (4): 331-7.
AbstractMost terminally ill patients experience symptoms that require treatment as death approaches. The most common symptoms are pain (5% to 51%), dyspnea (28%), oral and respiratory secretions (25%), nausea and vomiting (10% to 14%), confusion (10%), myoclonus (12%), and bowel and bladder problems (over 20%). These symptoms can be well controlled in up to 90% of individuals with appropriate communication; emotional, spiritual, and social support; noninvasive clinical evaluation; and therapy focused on symptom palliation. Types of drugs that are important in symptom control include opioids, co-analgesics, anxiolytics, and anticholinergics. To be effective, these medications must be readily available for use and often need to be given by a non-oral route.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*
,_underline_
or**bold**
. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>
and subscript<sub>text</sub>
. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3.
, hyphens-
or asterisks*
. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
- Images can be included with:
![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
- For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)
inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]
to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote.
.