• Atsushi Kawaguchi, Gonzalo Garcia Guerra, Jonathan P Duff, Ikuya Ueta, and Ryosuke Fukushima.
• Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
• Clin Respir J. 2015 Oct 1; 9 (4): 423-9.

BackgroundAirway pressure release ventilation (APRV) is widely used in adult critical care settings. However, information on the use of APRV in the pediatric population is limited.MethodsAll patients admitted to the medical-surgical pediatric intensive care unit with a diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who received APRV for at least 12 h between 2007 and 2009 were reviewed.ResultsThirteen patients with a variety of etiologies of ARDS were included, with a mean weight of 18.2 ± 15.0 kg, a mean age of 68 ± 57 months and a predicted mortality (based on Pediatric Index of Mortality version 2) of 23.9 ± 13.8%. Patients were placed on APRV for a median of 4 days (range 1-10 days). There was no change in blood gas parameters after 1 h or 12 h of APRV when compared with pre-APRV. There was no statistical difference in hemodynamic parameters, including mean arterial blood pressure, central venous blood pressure and heart rate, while the patients were on APRV.ConclusionAPRV could be safely used in pediatric ARDS patients, without significant hemodynamic compromise or side effects.© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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