• H L Kennedy.
• Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
• Am. J. Med. 2001 Apr 2; 110 Suppl 5A: 2S-6S.

AbstractBeta blockers have repeatedly demonstrated their therapeutic value in the treatment of a variety of diseases; as a result, multiple treatment guidelines advocate the use of beta blockers. Despite these guidelines, the use of beta blockers is remarkably low. Numerous factors that influence the trends of drug use include pharmaceutical advertisements, physician legal concerns, marketing influences, outdated therapeutic contraindications, and patient and physician demographics. Recent primary evidence from randomized clinical trials has demonstrated a significant benefit to patients with heart failure when beta-blocker therapy is added to standard therapy. To ensure proper treatment, continuing efforts must be made to provide patients with appropriate therapy that is proven to reduce the risks of mortality and morbidity.

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