• Amir A Kimia, Richard G Bachur, Alcy Torres, and Marvin B Harper.
• aDivision of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital bPediatric Neurology, Boston Medical Center cDivision of Emergency Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
• Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 2015 Jun 1; 27 (3): 292-7.

Purpose Of ReviewThe review describes current evidence on the evaluation of febrile seizures in the acute setting, the need for further outpatient assessment, and predictors regarding long-term outcomes of these patients.Recent FindingsNew evidence has been added in support of limited assessment and intervention: evidence on low utility of lumbar puncture, emergent neuroimaging, and follow-up electroencephalography, as well as low yield for antipyretic prophylaxis and intermittent use of antiepileptic drugs. Finally, there is growing evidence regarding the genetic basis of both febrile seizures and vaccine-related seizures/febrile seizures.SummaryRoutine diagnostic testing for simple febrile seizures is being discouraged, and clear evidence-based guidelines regarding complex febrile seizures are lacking. Thus, clinical acumen remains the most important tool for identifying children with seizures who are candidates for a more elaborate diagnostic evaluation. Similarly, evidence and guidelines regarding candidates for an emergent out-of-hospital diazepam treatment are lacking.

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