• Lourdes Vega García, Virginia Fuentes-Leonarte, José María Tenías, Patricia Correcher Medina, Ángel Arias Arias, and Carmen Román Ortiz.
• From the *Valencian School of Health Studies, Valencia; †Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Spain; ‡Center for Advanced Research in Public Health, Valencia; §Research Support Unit, Hospital General La Mancha Centro, Spain; and ∥Department of Pediatrics, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
• Pediatr Emerg Care. 2015 Apr 1;31(4):250-4.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the association between the appearance of intussusception in children and medication intake in the immediately preceding period (2-15 days).MethodsA case-crossover design was used. We selected cases of children admitted with a diagnosis of intussusception (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, 860) to the major hospitals in the city of Valencia, Spain, from 2006 to 2009. We then estimated the association between the episode of intussusception and the intake of prescription medication during the preceding 2, 7, and 15 days (case period) and for the same time window 1, 2, 3, and 4 months prior (control period). Data on previous drug administration were obtained from the Pharmaceutical Service Manager System.ResultsA total of 95 cases (65.3% boys and 34.7% girls) were selected; 76.6% were younger than the age of 2 years. The association between intussusception and prior drug use varied depending on the exposure window: 15-day odds ratio (OR), 1.45 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.86-2.43); 7-day OR, 1.46 (95% CI, 0.80-2.67); and 2-day OR, 2.26 (95% CI, 1.10-4.64). These associations were greater for children aged younger than 2 years and were usually due to the recent administration (preceding 2 days) of antibiotics (OR, 8.00; 95% CI, 1.47-43.7).ConclusionsIntussusception was more common among boys aged younger than 2 years. A positive and significant association was observed when drugs were administered 2 to 7 days before the onset of symptoms in children younger than the age of 2 years.

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