• Annual review of medicine · Jan 1993

    Review

    Neuromodulation techniques for medically refractory chronic pain.

    • B Landau and R M Levy.
    • Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611.
    • Annu. Rev. Med. 1993 Jan 1; 44: 279-87.

    AbstractAdvances in our knowledge of the physiology of pain transmission and modulation have created new surgical options for the control of chronic pain. The pain modulation network can be activated by administration of spinal opiates or by electrical stimulation of the nervous system with transcutaneous, peripheral nerve, spinal cord, and deep brain stimulation. The theoretical basis and the clinical applications of neurostimulation for the treatment of medically intractable chronic pain are reviewed.

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