• F H Moll, M Krischel, P Rathert, and H Fangerau.
• Curator Museum zur Geschichte der Urologie, Urologische Klinik, Kliniken der Stadt Köln gGmbH, Krankenhaus Holweide, Neufelder Strasse 32, 51067, Köln, Deutschland. friedrich.moll@uni-koeln.de
• Urologe A. 2010 Sep 1; 49 (9): 1179-87.

AbstractAlexander von Lichtenberg (1880-1949) was one of the famous members of the German Urological Society (DGU) in pre-war Germany. He introduced excretion urography and a special TURP Instrument. In 1928 he was president of the 8th meeting held in the German capital Berlin. His Handbook of Urology, released by Ferdinand Springer publishing house, was a trendsetter in establishing urology as a specialty in Germany and bringing together the whole wisdom of all aspects of urology. He was the founder of the famous Maximilian Nitze Award of the DGU. As a Jew he-like many others-was forced to leave Nazi Germany after 1933. Even in Hungary, his native country, he again had to resist anti-Semitic hostility. Later on he lived in Mexico. Alexander von Lichtenberg has to be remembered with special focus on the exodus of German Jewish scientists during the Nazi time.

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