• Raúl Carrillo-Esper, Jesús Ojino Sosa-García, and Emilio Arch-Tirado.
• Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Fundación Clínica Médica Sur, México, D. F., Mexico. revistacma@yahoo.com.mx
• Cir Cir. 2011 Sep 1; 79 (5): 409-16.

BackgroundAt the beginning of the second trimester of 2009 there was an influenza A (H1N1) outbreak. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical presentation and mortality of the severe form of pneumonia in patients with human influenza A H1N1.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of all files of confirmed and suspected patients with severe human influenza A (H1N1) pneumonia.ResultsWe studied 26 patients admitted to the ICU from April 1 to December 31, 2009, among which 16 were males (61.54%) and 10 females (38.46%) with an average age of 52.26 ± 15.48 years. The time of onset of symptoms to admission to the ICU was 6.3 ± 3.19 days. The most frequent symptoms and signs were salmonated sputum (47%), chills (45%), dry cough (44%) and myalgia (42%). The mortality rate was 19.23%. The treatment was based on antiviral therapy, modulating inflammation and ventilatory techniques to optimize oxygenation. There was an association between combined therapy based on methylprednisolone, activated protein C and statins with a better survival (p = 0.05).ConclusionsPneumonia virus of human influenza A (H1N1) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. According to our results, it is recommended to make an early diagnosis and to initiate a treatment regimen based on treatment bundles designed to optimize oxygenation, reduce viral load and modulate inflammation.

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