• Lahn D Straney, Luregn J Schlapbach, Glenn Yong, Janet E Bray, Johnny Millar, Anthony Slater, Janet Alexander, Judith Finn, and Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Paediatric Study Group.
• 1Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. 2Paediatric Critical Care Research Group, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. 3Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. 4Children's Critical Care Services, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, Australia. 5Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. 6CORE, Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. 7Prehospital, Resuscitation and Emergency Care Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
• Pediatr Crit Care Me. 2015 Sep 1; 16 (7): 613-20.

ObjectivesTo describe the temporal trends in rates of PICU admissions and mortality for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and in-hospital cardiac arrests admitted to PICU over the last decade.DesignMulticenter, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected binational data of the Australian and New Zealand Paediatric Intensive Care Registry. All nine specialist PICUs in Australia and New Zealand were included.PatientsAll children admitted between 2003 and 2012 to PICU who were less than 16 years old at the time of admission.InterventionsNone.Measurements And Main ResultsThere were a total of 71,425 PICU admissions between 2003 and 2012. Overall, cardiac arrest accounted for 1.86% of all admissions (1,329 cases), including 677 cases of in-hospital cardiac arrest (51.0%) and 652 cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (49.0%). Over the last decade, there has been a 29.6% increase in the odds of PICU survival for all pediatric admissions (odds ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09-1.54). By contrast, there was no significant improvement in the risk-adjusted odds of survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest admissions (odds ratio, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.50-2.10; p = 0.94) or in-hospital cardiac arrest admissions (odds ratio, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.54-1.98; p = 0.92).ConclusionsDespite improvements in overall outcomes in children admitted to Australian and New Zealand PICUs, survival of children admitted with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest or in-hospital cardiac arrest did not change significantly over the past decade.

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