-
- E Bruera, K MacMillan, J Hanson, and R N MacDonald.
- Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
- Pain. 1989 May 1; 37 (2): 203-9.
AbstractFifty-six consecutive patients with pain due to cancer were admitted to a prospective study designed to test a clinical staging system for cancer pain. The system classifies patients in stage 1 (good prognosis) to stage 3 (poor prognosis) according to the mechanism of pain, characteristics of pain, previous narcotic exposure, cognitive function, psychological distress, tolerance and past history of drug addiction or alcoholism. During day 1 patients were staged after being seen by one of the investigators. Patients were treated for 21 days, when a final diagnosis of pain control was made. Eighteen of 22 patients in stage 1 achieved good pain control (82%) vs. 2/22 patients in stage 3 (10%; P less than 0.01). Sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value of the system were 0.75, 0.86 and 0.80, respectively. We conclude that this is a simple and reliable system for clinical staging that can be used for clinical research and management of patients with cancer pain.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*
,_underline_
or**bold**
. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>
and subscript<sub>text</sub>
. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3.
, hyphens-
or asterisks*
. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
- Images can be included with:
![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
- For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)
inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]
to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote.
.