• Kyo S Kim, Mi A Cheong, Jeong W Jeon, Jeong H Lee, and Jae C Shim.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Hanyang University Hospital, #17 Haengdang dong, Sungdong gu, Seoul 133-792, Korea. kimks@hanyang.ac.kr
• Anesth. Analg. 2003 Apr 1; 96 (4): 1042-6, table of contents.

UnlabelledA small dose of ephedrine decreases the onset time of rocuronium and cisatracurium; however, ephedrine might be associated with adverse hemodynamic effects. The appropriate dose of ephedrine has not been determined. We, therefore, studied 120 patients anesthetized with fentanyl 2 microg/kg and propofol 2-2.5 mg/kg who were randomly divided to receive either ephedrine (30, 70, or 110 microg/kg) or saline. During propofol anesthesia, the neuromuscular block was monitored by mechanomyography by using submaximal current of train-of-four stimulation every 10 s. To determine cardiac output, a transcutaneous Doppler probe was placed externally at the suprasternal notch. Tracheal intubation was performed by a blinded investigator at 2 min after vecuronium. Neuromuscular block, intubating conditions, and hemodynamic effects were measured during the induction of anesthesia. Both ephedrine 70 and 110 microg/kg improved intubating conditions at 2 min after vecuronium; however, 110 microg/kg was associated with adverse hemodynamic effects. We conclude that ephedrine 70 microg/kg given before the induction of anesthesia improved intubating conditions at 2 min after vecuronium, probably by increased cardiac output without significant adverse hemodynamic effects.ImplicationsEphedrine 70 microg/kg given before the induction of anesthesia improved tracheal intubating conditions at 2 min after vecuronium by increased cardiac output without significant adverse hemodynamic effects.

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