• Yannick Comoglio, Joshua Levitz, Michael A Kienzler, Florian Lesage, Ehud Y Isacoff, and Guillaume Sandoz.
• Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7277, 06100 Nice, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7277, 06100 Nice, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut de Biologie Valrose, U1091, 06100 Nice, France; Laboratories of Excellence, Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, 06100 Nice, France;
• Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2014 Sep 16; 111 (37): 13547-52.

AbstractMembrane lipids serve as second messengers and docking sites for proteins and play central roles in cell signaling. A major question about lipid signaling is whether diffusible lipids can selectively target specific proteins. One family of lipid-regulated membrane proteins is the TWIK-related K channel (TREK) subfamily of K2P channels: TREK1, TREK2, and TWIK-related arachdonic acid stimulated K(+) channel (TRAAK). We investigated the regulation of TREK channels by phosphatidic acid (PA), which is generated by phospholipase D (PLD) via hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine. Even though all three of the channels are sensitive to PA, we found that only TREK1 and TREK2 are potentiated by PLD2 and that none of these channels is modulated by PLD1, indicating surprising selectivity. We found that PLD2, but not PLD1, directly binds to the C terminus of TREK1 and TREK2, but not to TRAAK. The results have led to a model for selective lipid regulation by localization of phospholipid enzymes to specific effector proteins. Finally, we show that regulation of TREK channels by PLD2 occurs natively in hippocampal neurons.

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