• Rita Wickham.
• Northern Michigan University School of Nursing, Marquette, Michigan 49855, USA. rita_wickham@yahoo.com
• Cancer Control. 2012 Apr 1; 19 (2 Suppl): 3-9.

BackgroundChemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the most debilitating toxicities associated with cancer treatment. Although effective antiemetic agents are available, their use in practice often is suboptimal.MethodsThe author reviews the pathophysiology of CINV as well as the drug classes and cost considerations that should be incorporated into treatment planning.ResultsSeveral drug classes, including 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonists, neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids, are effective, especially when used in combination. Older antiemetic agents, such as prochlorperazine and metoclopramide, as well as olanzapine may provide reasonable alternatives in certain settings.ConclusionsInterventions for CINV should include standard-of-care antiemetics combined with corticosteroids. The cost of using older, less expensive antiemetics may be outweighed by the expenditures to rescue patients after suboptimal prophylaxis, as well as the indirect costs of missed work and lost productivity.

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