• K Bo Foreman, Leland E Dibble, John Droge, Randy Carson, and W Bradford Rockwell.
• Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA.
• Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2009 Nov 1; 124 (5): 1393-9.

BackgroundMacromastia can be a morbid condition causing affected women to endure shoulder pain, back pain, intertrigo, and shoulder grooving from the bra straps. Subjective symptoms are effectively relieved by reduction mammaplasty surgery. Reliable objective evidence is limited in evaluating benefits for this patient population.MethodsEleven women undergoing reduction mammaplasty were evaluated before surgery and 3 months after surgery. Evaluation modeled maximal compressive forces at the low back during an unconstrained lifting task using inverse dynamics and measured the subjective level of disability using the Functional Rating Index.ResultsThe analysis of the kinematic and kinetic data demonstrated no significant difference in ankle, knee, and hip joint angles between pretests and posttests. In addition, the average maximum low-back compressive forces decreased 35 percent for the unconstrained lifting task, and the Functional Rating Index scores improved 76 percent following surgery. Greatest improvement was reported for the frequency of pain and travel.ConclusionReduction mammaplasty surgery produced objective improvement in low-back compressive forces and patients' reported level of functional disability.

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