• The Laryngoscope · Jun 2012

    Comparative Study

    Risk of superficial squamous cell carcinoma developing in the head and neck region in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

    • Chikatoshi Katada, Manabu Muto, Meijin Nakayama, Satoshi Tanabe, Katsuhiko Higuchi, Tohru Sasaki, Mizutomo Azuma, Kenji Ishido, Natsuya Katada, Keishi Yamashita, Masayuki Nemoto, Tomotaka Shibata, Takashi Masaki, Makito Okamoto, and Wasaburo Koizumi.
    • Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan. ckatada@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp
    • Laryngoscope. 2012 Jun 1; 122 (6): 1291-6.

    Objectives/HypothesisMulticentric squamous dysplasia in the esophagus can be visualized by Lugol chromoendoscopy as multiple Lugol-voiding lesions (LVLs). Narrow-band imaging combined with magnifying endoscopy (NBI-ME) facilitates the detection of superficial squamous cell carcinoma within the head and neck region (HNSCC). We investigated risk factors for superficial HNSCC in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Study DesignCase-control study.MethodsWe studied 71 patients with synchronous or former ESCC. All patients underwent screening of the head and neck by NBI-ME and Lugol chromoendoscopy of the esophageal mucosa. The history of tobacco and alcohol use was documented. Genetic polymorphisms of aldehyde dehydrogenase type 2 (ALDH2) were identified by the sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction. Clinical factors related to superficial HNSCC were analyzed.ResultsAll patients with superficial HNSCC were drinkers. On univariate analysis, multiple LVLs (odds ratio [OR], 56.92; 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.93-467.38; P < .001), ALDH2-2 allele (OR, 14.48; 95% CI, 1.8-116.56; P = .01), current smoker (OR, 4.25; 95% CI, 1.44-12.57; P = .009), and smoking index ≥ 1,000 (OR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.19-9.99; P = .02) were associated with superficial HNSCC. On multivariate analysis, multiple LVLs (OR, 61.12; 95% CI, 5.4-691.64; P = .001), ALDH2-2 allele (OR, 16.19; 95% CI, 1.15-228.06; P = .04), and current smoker (OR, 8.02; 95% CI, 1.09-59.22; P = .04) were associated with superficial HNSCC.ConclusionsPatients with ESCC, particularly drinkers, current smokers, and those with the ALDH2-2 allele and multiple LVLs, have an increased risk of superficial HNSCC.Copyright © 2012 The American Laryngological, Rhinological, and Otological Society, Inc.

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