• T Varpula, V Pettilä, E Rintala, O Takkunen, and V Valtonen.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland. tero.varpula@huch.fi
• Intensive Care Med. 2000 May 1; 26 (5): 526-31.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of steroid treatment in the late phase of primary acute lung injury (ALI) with special emphasis on pneumococcal pneumonia.DesignRetrospective study.SettingMultidisciplinary intensive care unit (ICU) in a university hospital.PatientsOf 31 patients with primary ALI requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 10 days, 16 were treated with methylprednisolone and 15 served as controls.Measurements And ResultsSteroid and control groups were comparable regarding demographic data, APACHE II score, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score (MODS), and PaO2/FiO2-ratio on admission to ICU. The mean start of steroid therapy was 9.7 days after establishment of respiratory failure, and values for control patients were registered on day 10. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio improved significantly within 3 days after the start of steroid therapy, and MODS and C-reactive protein decreased concurrently. No differences in mortality, in length of ICU stay, or in length of mechanical ventilation were detectable. In a subgroup analysis, for patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia, beneficial change in physiological variables was evident.ConclusionsIn patients with primary ALI, steroid therapy, started 10 days after the start of mechanical ventilation, improves gas exchange and is associated with a decrease in multiorgan dysfunction.

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