• Karamarie Fecho, Anne T Lunney, Philip G Boysen, Peter Rock, and Edward A Norfleet.
• Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. kfecho@aims.unc.edu
• Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2008 Aug 1; 4 (4): 681-8.

PurposeThis study determined the incidence of and identified risk factors for 48 hour (h) and 30 day (d) postoperative mortality after inpatient operations.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using Anesthesiology's Quality Indicator database as the main data source. The database was queried for data related to the surgical procedure, anesthetic care, perioperative adverse events, and birth/death/operation dates. The 48 h and 30 d cumulative incidence of postoperative mortality was calculated and data were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test and generalized estimating equations.ResultsThe 48 h and 30 d incidence of postoperative mortality was 0.57% and 2.1%, respectively. Higher American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status scores, extremes of age, emergencies, perioperative adverse events and postoperative Intensive Care Unit admission were identified as risk factors. The use of monitored anesthesia care or general anesthesia versus regional or combined anesthesia was a risk factor for 30 d postoperative mortality only. Time under anesthesia care, perioperative hypothermia, trauma, deliberate hypotension and invasive monitoring via arterial, pulmonary artery or cardiovascular catheters were not identified as risk factors.ConclusionsOur findings can be used to track postoperative mortality rates and to test preventative interventions at our institution and elsewhere.

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