• J Adv Nurs · Oct 2004

    Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial

    Systematic relaxation to relieve postoperative pain.

    • Varunyupa Roykulcharoen and Marion Good.
    • Surgical Nursing Department, College of Nursing, The Thai Red Cross Society, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand. vroykul@yahoo.com
    • J Adv Nurs. 2004 Oct 1; 48 (2): 140-8.

    BackgroundUnrelieved pain after surgery can lead to complications, prolonged hospital stay, and delayed recovery. Because of side effects from opioids and differences in response, it is important to use non-pharmacological methods in addition to analgesics to decrease patient discomfort and anxiety.AimsWe examined the effects of a systematic method of relaxing the body on the sensory and affective components of postoperative pain, anxiety, and opioid intake after initial ambulation.DesignA randomized controlled trial with relaxation and control groups was used.MethodThe convenience sample of 102 adults underwent abdominal surgery at a large hospital in Thailand. Systematic relaxation was used for 15 minutes during recovery from the first ambulation after surgery. Pain was measured with 100 mm Visual Analogue Sensation and Distress of Pain Scales before and after the intervention. State anxiety was measured before surgery and after the intervention; opioid intake was recorded 6 hours later.ResultsThe relaxation group had less post-test sensation and distress of pain (26 and 25 mm less, respectively) than the control group (P = 0.001). Relaxation did not result in significantly less anxiety or 6-hour opioid intake. However, group differences in state anxiety were in the expected direction and fewer participants in the relaxation group requested opioids. Nearly all reported that systematic relaxation reduced their pain and increased their sense of control.ConclusionSubstantial reductions in the sensation and distress of pain were found when postoperative patients used systematic relaxation. Although tested in Thailand, we recommend that nurses in other countries try systematic relaxation with postoperative patients, in addition to analgesic medication, measuring pain scores and asking about cultural acceptance.

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