• Alice Hutin, Fanny Lidouren, Matthias Kohlhauer, Luc Lotteau, Aurélien Seemann, Nicolas Mongardon, Bertrand Renaud, Daniel Isabey, Pierre Carli, Benoit Vivien, Jean-Damien Ricard, Thierry Hauet, Richard E Kerber, Alain Berdeaux, Bijan Ghaleh, and Renaud Tissier.
• Inserm, U955, Equipe 03, F-94000 Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, UMR_S955, DHU A-TVB, UPEC, F-94000 Créteil, France; Université Paris Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Cochin Hôtel-Dieu, Université Paris Descartes - Paris V , F-75014 Paris France.
• Resuscitation. 2015 Aug 1;93:69-73.

IntroductionTotal liquid ventilation (TLV) can cool down the entire body within 10-15 min in small animals. Our goal was to determine whether it could also induce ultra-fast and whole-body cooling in large animals using a specifically dedicated liquid ventilator. Cooling efficiency was evaluated under physiological conditions (beating-heart) and during cardiac arrest with automated chest compressions (CC, intra-arrest).MethodsIn a first set of experiments, beating-heart pigs were randomly submitted to conventional mechanical ventilation or hypothermic TLV with perfluoro-N-octane (between 15 and 32 °C). In a second set of experiments, pigs were submitted to ventricular fibrillation and CC. One group underwent continuous CC with asynchronous conventional ventilation (Control group). The other group was switched to TLV while pursuing CC for the investigation of cooling capacities and potential effects on cardiac massage efficiency.ResultsUnder physiological conditions, TLV significantly decreased the entire body temperatures below 34 °C within only 10 min. As examples, cooling rates averaged 0.54 and 0.94 °C/min in rectum and esophageous, respectively. During cardiac arrest, TLV did not alter CC efficiency and cooled the entire body below 34 °C within 20 min, the low-flow period slowing cooling during CC.ConclusionUsing a specifically designed liquid ventilator, TLV induced a very rapid cooling of the entire body in large animals. This was confirmed in both physiological conditions and during cardiac arrest with CC. TLV could be relevant for ultra-rapid cooling independently of body weight.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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