• Huiqi Wang, Yuanzhuo Chen, Wenjie Li, Congye Li, Xiangyu Zhang, Hu Peng, and Chengjin Gao.
• Intensive Care Unit of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
• Burns. 2015 Sep 1; 41 (6): 1235-41.

AbstractWe investigated the effectiveness of ligustrazine (tetramethylpyrazine, TMP) in alleviating pulmonary damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the blank group, LPS group, and TMP treatment group (TMP group). The LPS group was intraperitoneally injected with LPS (20mg/kg), and the TMP group was intraperitoneally injected with LPS (20mg/kg) and ligustrazine (80mg/kg). Blood gas analysis, hematoxylin-eosin staining dye extravasation and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) score, the wet/dry lung tissue (W/D) ratios, the expression of CD31+ vascular endothelial microparticles (EMPs), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels, and the protein expression of Rho-associated coiled-coil-forming protein kinase (ROCK) II and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were analyzed. Compared with the blank group, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) declined in both 1 and 4h (P<0.01), the W/D ratio and DAD score increased (P<0.01), and the TNF-α levels in serum, CD31+ EMPs, and protein expression of ROCK II and TLR4 were significantly increased (P<0.01) in the LPS group. Compared with the LPS group, PaO2 significantly increased in the TMP group at 4h (P<0.05), while the W/D ratio and DAD score were significantly decreased in the TMP group (P<0.01). TNF-α levels, CD31+ EMPs, and protein expression of ROCK II and TLR4 were significantly decreased in the TMP group compared with the LPS group (P<0.01). This study demonstrated that TMP can alleviate LPS-induced pulmonary damage by attenuating pulmonary vascular permeability and CD31+ EMP levels in the plasma, reducing the release of the inflammatory mediator TNF-α and inhibiting the protein expression of ROCK II and TLR4.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.

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